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Theofan Stilian Noli, better known as Fan Noli (January 6, 1882 – March 13, 1965) was an Albanian writer, scholar, diplomat, politician, historian, orator, and founder of the Albanian Orthodox Church, who served as prime minister and regent of Albania in 1924 during the June Revolution. Fan Noli is venerated in Albania as a champion of literature, history, theology, diplomacy, journalism, music, and national unity. He played an important role in the consolidation of Albanian as the national language of Albania with numerous translations of world literature masterpieces.〔.〕 His contributions to English language literature are also manifold: as a scholar and author of a series of publications on Skanderbeg, Shakespeare, Beethoven, religious texts and translations.〔 He produced a translation of the New Testament in English, ''The New Testament of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ from the approved Greek text of the Church of Constantinople and the Church of Greeze'', published in 1961. He earned degrees at Harvard 〔 (1912), the New England Conservatory of Music (1938), and finally his Ph.D. from Boston University (1945).〔p. 175. William Paul. 2003. ''English Language Bible Translators''. Jefferson, NC & London: McFarland and Co.〕 He was ordained a priest in 1908, establishing thereby the Albanian Church and elevating the Albanian language to ecclesiastic use. He briefly resided in Albania after the 1912 declaration of independence. After World War I, Noli led the diplomatic efforts for the reunification of Albania and received the support of US President Woodrow Wilson. Later he pursued a diplomatic-political career in Albania, successfully leading the Albanian bid for membership in the League of Nations. A respected figure who remained critical of corruption and injustice in the Albanian government, Fan Noli was asked to lead the 1924 June Revolution. He then served as prime minister until his revolutionary government was overthrown by Ahmet Zogu. He was exiled to Italy and permanently settled in the United States in the 1930s, acquiring US citizenship and agreeing to end his political involvement. He spent the rest of his life as an academician, religious leader and writer. ==Origin== Fan Noli was born in 1882 in the Albanian community of Ibrik Tepe, Eastern Thrace (then part of the Ottoman Empire) as Theofanus Stylianos Mavromatis. He was an Albanian〔http://books.google.com/books?id=1TPUAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA34&dq=theofan+noli+albanian&hl=en&sa=X&ei=p0JOU7jGEMndtAbxhIHQCQ&redir_esc=y "one of the mos colorfull Albanian politicians"〕〔http://books.google.com/books?id=4IK9AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA138&dq=fan+noli+albanian+family&hl=en&sa=X&ei=n0ROU9jMGMfBtQbGnIGwBw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=fan%20noli%20albanian%20family&f=false It was from his family that Fan Noli received a sense of identity as an Albanian"〕 of Easter Orthodox faith, there are however unverified claims by some that he was either of Greek origin, Vlach origin, or born to a Bulgarian Jewish father and a Greek mother. As a young man, Noli wandered throughout the Mediterranean Basin, living in Athens, Greece, Alexandria, Egypt and Odessa, Russia, and supported himself as an actor and translator. As well as his native Albanian, he spoke many foreign languages such as Greek, English, French, Turkish, and Arabic.〔.〕 Through his contacts with the Albanian expatriate movement, he became an ardent supporter of his country's nationalist movement and moved to the United States in 1906. He first worked in Buffalo, New York, in a lumber mill and then moved to Boston, Massachusetts and worked as an operator on a machine which stamped labels on cans.〔 A Greek source claims that Noli "had not yet discovered his "Albanian" (in the source ) patriotism when he was still a teacher in the Greek schools of Alexandria and had the name Theophanis Mavromatis".〔Kyros Ad. Alexis, Our Balcanian neighbors", 1962, p. 28 : "... όταν υπηρέτει ακόμη ως δημοδιδάσκαλος εις τα Ελληνικά σχολεία της Αιγύπτου και δεν είχεν, εισέτι, ανακαλύψει τον "Αλβανικόν" του πατριωτισμόν, ωνομάζετο Θεοφάνης Μαυρομάτης ...".〕 Fan Noli himself was Albanian and considered himself as such. 〔http://orthodoxwiki.org/Theophan_(Noli)_of_Durres〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fan S. Noli」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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